A simplified formula for calculating the limit load of cracked offshore wind turbine monopile under bending

A simplified methodology is proposed for calculating the plastic collapse (limit) bending moment load of a pipe with circumferential flaw an emphasis on its application use in assessment cracked offshore wind turbine monopile using failure diagrams. The based theory net section (NSC) but differs from existing approaches that it does not need idealisation and categorisation crack before assessment. validated against results presented literature also finite element analysis results. Although possible to obtain limit loads FE analysis, this computationally expensive time consuming. approach allows near-instantaneous calculation any arbitrary configuration loading direction. This significant development monopiles as suitability structure be assessed pseudo-real time.